Al-Idrisi (1100–1165 CE), also known as Abu Abdallah Muhammad al-Idrisi, was a renowned Arab geographer, cartographer, and scholar during the Islamic Golden Age. Born in Ceuta, Spain, he spent much of his life traveling and studying in various centers of learning across the Islamic world. Al-Idrisi's most famous work is "Kitab al-Rujari" (Book of Roger), a monumental geographic encyclopedia commissioned by King Roger II of Sicily. This work, along with his other geographic and cartographic contributions, provided detailed descriptions of regions, cultures, and landscapes of the known world at the time. Al-Idrisi's maps, including the Tabula Rogeriana (Rogerian Map), were highly accurate and influential, serving as important references for European explorers during the Age of Discovery. His contributions to geography and cartography helped advance the understanding of the world's geography and fostered cultural exchange between the East and West.