Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi (c. 780–c. 850 CE) was a Persian mathematician, astronomer, and scholar who made significant contributions to the fields of mathematics, astronomy, and geography during the Islamic Golden Age. Born in Khwarizm (now Khiva, Uzbekistan), he worked in the House of Wisdom in Baghdad under the Abbasid Caliphate. Al-Khwarizmi's most famous works include "Kitab al-Jabr wal-Muqabala" (The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing), which introduced algebra and algebraic equations, and "Hisab al-Jabr wal-Muqabala" (The Calculation of Integration and Equation), which laid the foundations of modern algebra. He also wrote extensively on Indian numerals, contributing to the development of the decimal system and introducing the concept of zero to the Islamic world. Al-Khwarizmi's works played a crucial role in the transmission of mathematical knowledge from ancient civilizations to medieval Europe, shaping the course of mathematical thought for centuries to come. He is often referred to as the "Father of Algebra" and his name is the origin of the term "algorithm."