Cordoba, located in southern Spain was once the capital of the Islamic caliphate of Al-Andalus during the 8th-10th centuries. It was a major center of Islamic learning and culture, known for its impressive architecture, including the Great Mosque of Cordoba (also known as the Mezquita) which is considered one of the most significant examples of Islamic architecture in the world. Cordoba was also home to many scholars, philosophers, and artists, and was renowned for its thriving economy and cultural diversity. Despite being later conquered by Christian forces, Cordoba's Islamic legacy remains an important part of its history and cultural identity.