Ibn al-Bitar (1188–1248 CE) was an Arab botanist, pharmacist, and scientist who made significant contributions to the fields of botany, pharmacology, and medicine during the Islamic Golden Age. Born in Andalusia, Spain, he traveled extensively throughout North Africa and the Middle East, collecting botanical specimens and studying medicinal plants. Ibn al-Bitar's most famous work is "Kitab al-Jami fi al-Adwiya al-Mufrada," a comprehensive encyclopedia of medicinal plants and their uses. His meticulous observations and classifications greatly advanced the understanding of pharmacology in the medieval Islamic world. Ibn al-Bitar's work continues to be studied for its insights into herbal medicine and pharmacognosy.