Ibn al-Haytham (c. 965–c. 1040 CE), also known as Alhazen, was a pioneering Arab mathematician, physicist, and astronomer during the Islamic Golden Age. Born in Basra, Iraq, he made significant contributions to various fields, including optics, mathematics, and astronomy. Ibn al-Haytham's most famous work, "Kitab al-Manazir" (The Book of Optics), revolutionized the understanding of light and vision. His experimental approach laid the groundwork for the scientific method, influencing scientists like Roger Bacon and Galileo. Ibn al-Haytham's legacy continues to impact modern science, particularly in the fields of optics and physics.