Ibn Khaldun (1332–1406 CE), full name Abu Zayd Abd al-Rahman ibn Muhammad ibn Khaldun al-Hadrami, was a pioneering Arab historian, sociologist, and philosopher. Born in Tunis, he is best known for his groundbreaking work, "The Muqaddimah" (also known as "Prolegomena" or "Introduction to History"). In this monumental work, Ibn Khaldun outlined his theories on the rise and fall of civilizations, emphasizing the importance of socio-economic factors, cultural dynamics, and the role of leadership in shaping history. His innovative approach to historiography and his insights into the cyclical nature of human societies earned him the title of the "father of sociology" and established his legacy as one of the greatest minds of the Islamic Golden Age. Ibn Khaldun's impact extends far beyond his time, with his ideas continuing to influence fields such as sociology, historiography, and political science to the present day.